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英语构词法知识——后缀
作者:未知  文章来源:网络引用  点击数  更新时间:2006-8-12 2:10:40  文章录入:zhangfeng  责任编辑:zhangfeng

后缀(suffix)

最常见的形容词后缀有:

1. -ble:包括:
-able : readable \lovable \ knowable \inflammable
-ible : sensible \ resistible \conductible
名词一般是-ability \ -ibility:inflammability \ sensibility

2. -al包括:
-al : personal \ national 名词一般是-ality:personality \ nationality
-ial : presidential \ dictatorial -ical : typical \ symbolical \ biological
     (一般由结尾为-y的名词派生而来)

3. -an包括:
-an republican \ American
-ean : European
-ian : Egyptian \ Canadian (名词和形容词同形)

4. -ar包括:
-ar : similar \ solar
-ular : globular

5. -ed : colored \gifted \ retired

6. -ern : eastern \ western

7. -ese : Chinese \ Japanese(名词和形容词同形)

8. -fold :表示倍数twofold \ manyfold

9. -ful : useful \skillful

10. -ic包括:
-ic : atomic \ historic
-istic : artistic \ realistic
-tic : dramatic \ romantic

11. -ile : infantile \ fertile

12. -ing : changing \ developing

13. -ior :exterior \ interior

14. -ish :childish \ reddish \ English

15. -ist : socialist \ nationalist

16. -ive包括:
-itive : sensitive \ primitive
-ive : protective \ productive

17. -less : homeless \ useless

18. -like : childlike \ manlike

19. -ly: friendly \ costly \ daily

20. -nt包括:
-ant : assistant \ expectant
-ent : insistent \ different

21. -ous :包括
-aceous : curvaceous有曲线的\ herbaceous草本的
-acious : vivacious活泼的、rapacious掠夺的
-aneous : simultaneous同时发生的\ spontaneous自发的
-eous : righteous正直的 \ gaseous 气体的
-ious : anxious焦急的\ curious好奇的
-ous : dangerous危险的 \ glorious光荣的

22. -proof: fireproof \ bombproof

23. -ry包括:
-ary : secondary \ elementary
-ory : informatory \ explanatory

24. -some: troublesome \ lonesome

25. -ward :downward \ seaward

26. -y : rainy \ rosy \ sleepy

最常见的名词后缀有:

表示具体的人、物的后缀:
-an (-ian , -ean ,-ane ) \ -ant \ -ar \ -ary \ -er\ -ician \
-ist \ -ite \ -or \ -ory \ -ics \ -ilogy等。

表示抽象的动作情况的后缀:
-acity : capacity

-acy: fallacy

-al (-ial , -eal) : denial \ refusal

-ence ( - ance , -ency , -ancy ): influence \ acceptance

-ion: union \ creation

-ism : heroism

-ment (- men) : excitement \ monument

-mony : matrimony

-ness : coldness \ goodness

-or : error

-sis: analysis

-tude : longitude \ multitude

-ty : novelty

-ure: pressure

-y : victory

最常见的动词后缀有:

-ate:differentiate \ maturate

-en:sharpen \ darken

-fy:simplify \ beautify \classify

-ise(-ize):criticize \ fertilize \ modernize

 

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